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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed medications for ADHD, and appear to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. However, they do not cure the condition and will only help with symptoms as long as they are taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication may include an increase in heart rate and blood pressure and stomach upset anxiety and tics. Some children and teens who are taking stimulant medication have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and is the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD. It is available in various forms, including tablets that chew liquid, an orally disintegrating tablet that performs long, and a pill with extended release. The drug increases the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This helps to improve concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of depression and anxiety. how to treat adhd without medication in adults can be a successful treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters which remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug could cause a slight increase in heart rate or blood pressure. It can also cause a rapid change in blood sugar levels, so diabetics should be cautious when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor when you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate is also known to cause Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness in the fingers and feet. This is a rare side effect however it is essential to notify your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows children's growth, however it hasn't been proved to be the situation. If you have a child receiving treatment with methylphenidate be sure to keep track of the child's weight and height carefully. If your child is on chewable tablets of methylphenidate, it contains phenylalanine, which is a risk for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). Consult your physician about an alternative methylphenidate formulation in case you suffer from PKU. Some people are unable to take stimulants which are the primary treatment for ADHD. In these instances doctors might prescribe other medications that work similarly. There are other stimulants, like dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine, besides methylphenidate. These substances can last longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. They are typically taken twice to three times per day however some people may take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD, but these are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration while reducing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It belongs to a category known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers which control brain activity. It is a preferred option for adults and children who prefer a different kind of medication than stimulants, such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine isn't a drug that works instantly. It can take up 6 weeks before the effects of this drug are evident. Additionally, you could suffer from side effects like reduced appetite, drowsiness and upset stomach. However the benefits of atomoxetine far outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine has been verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine and the placebo group experienced reduction in symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine treatment group had better improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In a different open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group showed improvement in ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Version of the screening and the Clinical Global Impression Severity scales increasing significantly. One patient had to withdraw due to an outbreak of rash. Three patients experienced gastrointestinal issues that were transient and one patient reported fatigue that was more severe (Kratochvil and colleagues, 2005). Talk to your doctor before you start treatment with atomoxetine about your medical history, which includes any supplements or medications you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medications. Inform your doctor if any of the following conditions exist: narrow-angle glaucoma; a thyroid or adrenal gland tumour or a high blood pressure heart disease or sudden death. Avoid atomoxetine as well in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid and linezolid in the last 14 days or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can aid in reducing symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce impulsivity and boost concentration, but it does not affect the brain in the same way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are accepted. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is essential to take the medication exactly as directed. If you stop taking it suddenly you may experience withdrawal symptoms. The usual dosage is two or three doses per day divided by four to six hours. The dose can vary from 100mg twice or three times per day to 150mg four or three times daily. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and excreted into urine, meaning it can't enter breast milk. However, it could be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion increases blood pressure. It is important to check it regularly. Bupropion can, in addition to helping to reduce ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It also helps treat bipolar disorder. It is a method of blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. This stops the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications. Inform your doctor if taking any other medications. It's also important to know if you have any allergies. It is also important to avoid caffeine or other stimulants, which could make the adverse effects more severe. In a variety of studies in a variety of studies, bupropion was compared with placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of studies were not conducted properly. Many of these studies excluded participants with psychiatric co-morbidity. However, the research suggests that bupropion can have a slight effect on ADHD. However, more research is needed to determine positive patient-centered outcomes such as improvements in quality of life. Furthermore, a better understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be created. This is a greater understanding of the connection between the different molecular pathways. Furthermore, it's essential to understand how different anti-ADHD medications work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD do not work or cause side adverse effects. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain, which help people concentrate. These older drugs may cause severe side consequences. They are generally only used when other medications do not work. The first option of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still used in some cases despite their long history. They are also effective in treating neuropathic pain. They have a second pain-relieving action that is separate from their antidepressant properties. They enhance the noradrenephrine receptor by blocking its reuptake, and they also function as descending modulators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic for animals or humans. If they are abruptly stopped, they could cause severe withdrawal symptoms. To reduce the risk of these side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing the dose gradually over a period of several weeks. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It's believed to increase the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain to improve concentration. It's also known to relieve anxiety and can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and sustained results. While there are no other FDA-approved nonstimulant drugs for ADHD, many people do find relief with the use of supplements to their diets and herbs. A diet low in fat and sugar may aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Some people may also benefit from staying clear of caffeine. Discuss with your doctor any medications you or your child take as well as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will minimize unwanted side effects and help prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect every person differently, which is why it's often a process of trial and error to find the right dosage and drug for your child or yourself.